Marine indienne

[xav]

Indian Navy Commissions first of class Offshore Patrol Vessel INS “Saryu”

Indian Navy’s largest Offshore Patrol Vessel INS “Saryu” was formally commissioned into the Indian Navy by Air Marshal P K Roy, AVSM VM VSM Commander-in-Chief, Andaman & Nicobar Command on 21st January 2013. This is the first of the New 105 meter class of Naval Offshore Patrol Vessels indigenously designed in-house and built by Goa Shipyard Ltd for the Indian Navy. The commissioning ceremony was held at Goa Shipyard Ltd.

http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=846

[alexandreVBCI]

Boeing livre à l'Inde son premier avion de patrouille maritime P-8I

L’avionneur américain a livré le 19 décembre le premier des P-8I commandés en 2008 par l’Inde. Dérivés des nouveaux P-8A Poseidon de l’US Navy, ces avions de patrouille maritime vont permettre à l’Inde de renforcer considérablement ses moyens de lutte anti-sous-marine et antinavire. Ils vont remplacer les Il-38 May actuellement en service. Boieng précise que deux autres appareils seront livrés à la marine indienne cette année, l'assemblage des quatrième et cinquième avions étant en cours. En tout, 8 P-8I ont été commandés, auxquels s'ajoute une option pour 4 unités supplémentaires.

Suite :

http://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/boeing-livre-linde-son-premier-avion-de-patrouille-maritime-p-8i

[Mani]

Le projet du 2ème porte-avions INS Vishal (Conventional-powered CATOBAR carrier - 65,000 tonnes - 262 mètres ) pourrait embarquer des Tejas navals mais également le Rafale M. et le F-35. Il sera également construit à Cochin Shipyard.

Il faudra attendre vu la lenteur pour la construction de 3 portes-avions.

[Henri K.]

Tir depuis une plateforme sous-marine (??) d'un SLBM K-15 (ou K-5, ce n'est pas très clair...) le 27 Janvier...

http-~~-//www.youtube.com/watch?v=PDcFsj17Cck

Henri K.

[Mani]

Submarine missile test a step towards a 4000-kilometer missile

By Ajai Shukla

Business Standard, 29th Jan 13

Even in the visually spectacular field of missile testing, the sight of a submarine-launched missile breaking through the surface is a breathtaking one. On Sunday, Defence R&D Organisation (DRDO) scientists cheered excitedly as their indigenous, submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) leapt out of the water, its rocket motor fired soon after clearing the surface, and it soared off in a while plume to accurately strike a target 700 kilometres away.

To nobody’s surprise, the underwater launch went exactly according to plan. This missile, called in turn the K-15, the Shaurya, and now the B-05, had already been launched 10 times from under water and thrice from land. This exacting test schedule is designed for assurance, since this is a missile that cannot afford to fail. Until a better one is developed, this will be the backbone of India’s underwater nuclear deterrence.

That means that it will arm the INS Arihant, India’s first and only nuclear-armed ballistic missile submarine, or SSBN. Tipped with nuclear warheads, the K-15 will be launched from the Arihant only after a nuclear attack on India. New Delhi’s “no-first-use” nuclear policy prohibits the pre-emptive use of nuclear weapons.

That means that India’s land-based and air-based nuclear weaponry, such as the Agni-series of missiles, might already have been destroyed by a pre-emptive enemy nuclear attack. The Arihant, and the B-05 missiles that it carries, are far more difficult to tackle, since they lurk underwater in complete secrecy. The underwater leg of the nuclear triad (land-launched, air-launched and submarine-launched weapons) has always been regarded as the most survivable. It is the ultimate currency of a nuclear exchange.

Going by what the DRDO said about its own test, the B-05 is well up to the task. “The Missile, developed by DRDO, was launched from a pontoon and was tested for the full range. It met all the mission objectives.  The parameters of the vehicle were monitored by radar all through the trajectory and terminal events took place exactly as envisaged,” said an MoD release on Sunday.

The B-05 (or K-15, or Shaurya) is no ordinary ballistic missile. Top DRDO scientists briefed Business Standard that it is not a ballistic missile at all. It could better be characterised as a hypersonic cruise missile, since it remains within the earth’s atmosphere.

A ballistic missile suffers from inherent disadvantages, since it is a relatively crude device, akin to a stone that is lobbed upwards, propelled by a rocket. After the rocket burns out, gravity comes into play, pulling the missile warhead down towards the target. Buffeted by wind and re-entry forces, accuracy is a problem; and, since the ballistic missile’s path is entirely predictable, shooting it down is relatively easy.

The Shaurya has overcome most of these issues. Its solid-fuel, two-stage rocket accelerates the missile to six times the speed of sound before it reaches an altitude of 40 kilometers (125,000 feet), after which it levels out and cruises towards the target, powered by its onboard fuel. In contrast to conventional ballistic missiles that cannot correct their course midway, the Shaurya is an intelligent missile. Onboard navigation computers kick in near the target, guiding the missile to the target and eliminating errors that inevitably creep in during its turbulent journey.

“I would say the Shaurya is a hybrid propulsion missile”, says Dr VK Saraswat, the DRDO chief, talking to Business Standard in 2010. “Like a ballistic missile, it is powered by solid fuel. And, like a cruise missile, it can guide itself right up to the target.”

Making the B-05 even more survivable is its ability to manoeuvre, following a twisting path to the target that makes it very difficult to shoot it down. In contrast, a ballistic missile is predictable; its trajectory gives away its target and its path to it.

The problem with the B-05 (or K-15, or Shaurya) remains its relatively short range of just 750 kilometres. While it could reach major cities in most countries if it were launched from just off the coast, that would necessitate a perilous submarine journey to the vicinity of the coastline. Therefore, the DRDO is also developing a longer-range missile, dubbed the K-4, which will have a range of almost 4000 kilometers. An Indian SSBN that is armed with the K-4 missile would be able to strike most likely targets from a safe patrol location in the Bay of Bengal.

[Henri K.]

L'Inde présente la maquette du missile hypersonique BrahMos II...

Vu la forme de missile, l'arrière est le propulseur accélérateur à ergol solide, le corps principal du missile semble être un waverider, communément utilisé pour vol hypersonique, probablement propulsé par un ramjet/scramjet.

Henri K.

[S-37 Berkut]

Inde: Moscou livrera 7 chasseurs MiG d'ici 2014

La Russie livrera d'ici 2014 à la Marine indienne sept chasseurs embarqués Mig-29K/KUB, a annoncé mardi le directeur du Service fédéral russe pour la coopération militaire et technique (FSVTS) Alexandre Fomine.

"En application du contrat signé en 2010 sur la livraison de 29 MiG-29K/KUB, les quatre premiers chasseurs ont été fournis [à la Marine indienne en décembre 2012]. Sept autres appareils doivent être livrés avant la fin de l'année 2013", a indiqué M.Fomine qui conduit la délégation russe au salon international de l'aéronautique et de l'espace Aero India 2013.

Les MiG-29KUB sont des chasseurs multirôles embarqués destinés à assurer la suprématie aérienne, à remplir des missions de défense antiaérienne, à atteindre des cibles de surface avec des armes de précision, de jour comme de nuit, quelles que soient les conditions météo.

http://fr.rian.ru/defense/20130205/197432333.html

[Henri K.]

Publication de Jane's, à consommer avec modération...

Indian Navy says Vikramaditya on track for 2013 handover

Rahul Bedi

  New Delhi

Indian Navy (IN) officials have said the service will take delivery of Vikramaditya (ex- Admiral Gorshkov ), the modified Kiev-class (Project 1143.4) aircraft carrier being retrofitted in Russia, by the end of 2013 after it recommences sea acceptance trials this summer following repairs to its engine room boilers.

The carrier's planned induction into IN service on 9 December 2012 - more than four years behind schedule - was postponed after three of the eight boilers that power its four engines broke down during sea trials in September 2012.

IN officials in New Delhi told IHS Jane's on 24 January that the ceramic insulation of all of Vikramaditya 's boilers had since been replaced and that the Sevmash yard in Severodvinsk, which has been undertaking the refit, is awaiting the melting of the winter ice before resuming the vessel's final trials in the northern Bering Sea in May.

Chief of Naval Staff Admiral D K Joshi told IHS Jane's on 15 January that Vikramaditya , which the navy is acquiring for the revised USD2.3 billion cost of its refit, would be inducted by November 2013.

In October 2012 then Russian Defence Minister Anatoly Serdyukov confirmed that the carrier had suffered "a major malfunction with the main power plant and boiler" during trials and would be transferred to the IN by the third quarter of 2013.

Senior IN officials said that before the malfunction Vikramaditya had travelled more than 11,000 nm during 90 days of sea trials. Deck landings and take offs of MiG-29K fighters that comprise the carrier's air group were also conducted during the trials, which took place with a 500-member IN contingent aboard.

India originally signed a USD974 million deal in 2004 for the carrier, which was commissioned in 1982 and badly damaged in 1994 following a boiler room explosion.

Copyright © IHS Global Limited, 2013

India completes tests on K-15 SLBM

Rahul Bedi

  New Delhi

James Hardy

  London

India completed developmental trials of its locally designed K-15 nuclear-capable, medium-range, submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) on 27 January by successfully test-firing it to a range of more than 700 km from a submerged pontoon off its east coast.

The 12th test-firing of the two-stage SLBM, which was designed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and codenamed B-05, brings India closer to standing up the sea leg of its retaliatory, three-tier strategic deterrence.

The 10 m-long K-15 is capable of delivering a 1,000 kg warhead. DRDO officials said K-15/B-05 user trials would start imminently, after which it would be integrated on to Arihant , the indigenously designed, 6,000-ton nuclear-powered, ballistic missile submarine (SSBN) currently undergoing harbour acceptance trials (HATs) in Visakhapatnam, eastern India. It will also be fitted to three follow-on boats.

The DRDO-developed SSBNs are designed to carry 12 K-15s or 4 under-development K-4 SLBMs, which have a 3,400 km strike range.

A DRDO spokesman in New Delhi said the B-05 rose to an altitude of 20 km and accurately struck its target in the Bay of Bengal, "satisfactorily meeting all mission objectives".

In other submarine news, the Indian Navy (IN) said issues with Arihant 's nuclear reactor were close to being resolved, while Russia's United Shipbuilding Corporation (USC) said it had transferred a Kilo-class boat back to the IN after completing a refit.

Arihant 's 80 MW atomic reactor had reportedly been delayed by technological problems but is expected to be operational soon, IN sources said. After this occurs the boat will conclude HATs - currently being undertaken using an external power source from land - before starting 12 to 14 months of sea trials ahead of entering service sometime in late 2014-15.

Arihant 's sea trials will also include firing of the K-15 SLBM, IN sources said.

Meanwhile, INS Sindhurakshak (S63) was handed over to the IN at USC's Severodvinsk shipyard on 26 January following a refit that started in August 2010. The upgrade includes the installation of a 3M54 Klub-S (SS-N-27 'Sizzler') anti-ship missile system, Bharat Electronics' Ushus sonar, the Indian-developed Porpoise electronic support measures system, and better cooling systems.

Sindhurakshak is the latest of India's 10 Kilo-class boats to be refitted and upgraded. INS Sindhukirti is still under refit at Hindustan Shipyard, Visakhapatnam, and is expected to complete this year. Along with Sindhukirti and INS Sindhuvir , Sindhurakshak forms the 11th Submarine Squadron based at Visakhapatnam.

Copyright © IHS Global Limited, 2013

Henri K.

[DAR]

L'Inde présente la maquette du missile hypersonique BrahMos II...

A-t-on aussi en Europe des projets avancés de missiles hypersoniques mer-mer, sol-mer... ?

[Henri K.]

Jane's...

C'est qui cette boîte français annonyme?

India's Pipavav in 'advanced negotiations' with unnamed French firm

Jon Grevatt

  Bangkok

Pipavav Defence and Offshore Engineering is in advanced negotiations with a "French giant" over a strategic investment in the Indian company, Nikhil Gandhi, chairman of Pipavav, said on 12 February.

Gandhi told Indian TV station CNBC-TV18 the investment deal, which could represent more than 10% of Pipavav's total shareholding, would be geared towards Pipavav's acquisition of modern defence technologies.

"We have the strategic partnership with Saab of Sweden and we are also in negotiation with another French giant," he said. "This partnership is primarily to bring in the technology and knowhow process and proprietary knowledge to manufacture military hardware ... We are currently in the process of getting government approval so that we can complete the transaction." Gandhi added that approval for the investment deal may be given "in a couple of weeks".

Saab finalised a deal in November 2012 to invest SEK250 million (USD37.5 million) into Pipavav, giving the Swedish group a 3.5% stake in the Mumbai-based shipping company. Gandhi revealed the total investment by Saab and the unnamed French company, should the latter investment deal go ahead, would total 15% of Pipavav's total equity.

Pipavav officials contacted by IHS Jane's on 14 February declined to comment on the investment proposal.

IHS Jane's notes that French shipbuilder DCNS has been frequently linked with launching a bid to invest in Pipavav. Such an agreement would build on strong existing ties between the two companies, which formed an alliance in June 2012 with a view to developing and building unspecified vessels for India's navy and coastguard.

DCNS has not commented on the investment reports, but such a deal would considerably expand its already strong presence in the market. The cornerstone of DCNS' position in India is a USD3.8 billion contract, signed in 2005, under which six DCNS-developed Scorpene diesel-electric attack submarines will be supplied in partnership with state-owned Mazagon Dock Limited.

In addition to foreign investment, Pipavav has been named as an investment target of a host of major Indian corporations. Reports earlier in February said several major companies were lining up a bid to acquire a 26% stake. Pipavav did not deny these reports but described them as "speculative".

Copyright © IHS Global Limited, 2013

Henri K.

[Mani]

Jane's...

C'est qui cette boîte français annonyme?

Henri K.

Dans ton article, tu as la réponse  ^-^ c'est la DCNS

Bernard G. Buisson, managing director of DCNS India, told The Hindu at an interaction here earlier in the week the company looked forward to increasing its cooperation with shipbuilder Pipavav Defence and Offshore Engineering, with which it forged a strategic alliance last year, to other fields as well.

“We have been interacting with Pipavav for two years now for the LPD (Landing Platform Dock) programme [of the Indian Navy]. We’re now waiting for RFP (request for proposal) to be issued [for the project] and are likely to increase the cooperation too in other fields.” Mr. Buisson, who earlier in the day received an award instituted by a publishing firm for excellence in indigenous technology from Defence Research and Development Organisation chief V.K. Saraswat, said DCNS’s track record in carrying out modular construction of naval platforms would stand it in good stead in bolstering the partnership.

Par ailleurs, ces derniers ont dernièrement créé une joint-venture à 50-50 avec Pipavav pour la construction de navires militaires et de sous-marins.

[Henri K.]

Jane's...

L'ambition SNA/SNLE de l'Inde commence à prendre son premier pas très sérieux.  =)

India makes headway with ELF site construction

James Hardy

  London

Imagery taken by DigitalGlobe in January 2013 provides an update on the construction of India's new Extremely Low-Frequency (ELF) facility in the south of the country.

The construction began in March 2012, when Admiral Nirmal Verma, chief of the naval staff of the Indian Navy (IN), laid the cornerstone for the ELF facility near the village of Vijaya Narayanam, about 23 km north of the Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant in Tamil Nadu. It is co-located with the IN's Very Low-Frequency (VLF) communications station, which transmits at 18.2 kHz.

The ELF station, which is believed to be being built by Indian firm Larsen & Toubro, will have nuclear-hardened bunkers and is expected to be commissioned in 2015. Russia is closely associated with the research and development for the facility, which is expected to be similar to Russia's own ELF transmitter at the ZEVS facility near Murmansk.

ELF transmission is used to communicate very brief commands to submerged submarines. Such transmissions can travel thousands of miles and through extended depths of seawater. ELF transmissions are generally initiated during circumstances in which conventional communications channels have been disrupted or destroyed, or as call-up systems to get a submarine to periscope depth so it can receive updated orders. The facility's completion would make India the third country - besides the United States and Russia - to operate an ELF station. China has also been long-rumoured to have an ELF station, but this has not been confirmed.

The new facility is being constructed as India firms up its plans to deploy ballistic missile submarines as the third leg of its nuclear triad.

In January India completed developmental trials of its locally designed K-15 nuclear-capable, medium-range, submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) by successfully test-firing it to a range of more than 700 km from a submerged pontoon off its east coast. The 10 m-long K-15 is capable of delivering a 1,000 kg warhead. Defence, Research and Development Organisation officials said user trials would start imminently, after which it would be integrated on to Arihant , the indigenously designed, 6,000-ton, nuclear-powered, ballistic missile submarine (SSBN) currently undergoing harbour acceptance trials in Visakhapatnam, eastern India. It will also be fitted to three follow-on boats.

In January 2012 the navy commissioned the Akula-class (Project 971) nuclear-powered attack submarine (SSN) INS Chakra . The 9,246-tonne (dived) ex- Nerpa , which India is leasing from Russia for 10 years, will be based at Rambilli on India's east coast.

This imagery is analysed in the February 2013 edition of IHS Jane's Imagery Watch: a uniquely interactive imagery analysis module available with IHS Jane's Military & Security Assessments Intelligence Centre.

Copyright © IHS Global Limited, 2013

Henri K.

[collectionneur]

L'Inde, malgré ses efforts, n'a pas beaucoup augmenté sa flotte depuis 2002 passant de 210 000 à 255 000 t - à l'époque, elle était derrière la Turquie...  en terme de tonnage - :

[Mani]

India without aircraft carrier as China takes huge strides

NEW DELHI: India may fancy itself as a regional superpower but does not have an aircraft carrier prowling on the high seas. Its solitary carrier, the 54-year-old INS Viraat, is out of action for several months once again for a major refit to ensure it can soldier on for another three to four years.

Despite the Indian Ocean having emerged as the new strategic theatre between India and China, the Indian politico-military establishment's lack of long-term planning and timely decision-making has all but dashed the Navy's long-standing ambition to deploy two potent carrier battle groups (CBGs).

China, in contrast, is taking huge strides in the arena. After last year's commissioning of its first carrier, the 65,000-tonne Liaoning, Beijing is furiously engaged in building more to further expand its "blue-water operations''.

If China sees aircraft carriers as "symbols of a great nation'', the US has realized their role in projecting power around the globe for long. As part of its pivot towards Asia-Pacific, at least six of the 11 American CBGs will be deployed in the region. Incidentally, each US carrier is over 94,000 tonne and capable of handling 80-90 fighters.

But the Indian Navy is continuing to flog an old warhorse because of huge delays in other carrier projects. One, Russia will deliver INS Vikramaditya, or the 44,570-tonne Admiral Gorshkov refurbished for $2.33 billion, only by December at the earliest, a good two decades after India first showed interest in it.

Two, Navy will not get its hands on the 40,000-tonne indigenous aircraft carrier (IAC) being built at Cochin Shipyard anytime before 2018. The follow-on 65,000-tonne IAC-II still remains a mere pipedream.

Sources say the 28,000-tonne INS Viraat, the second-hand HMS Hermes inducted by India in May 1987, is currently undergoing "a normal refit'' that takes at least eight to nine months. In the first phase at the Kochi dockyard, the 13-storey high warship is undergoing "hull and other underwater work''. Next in Mumbai, the ship will get its boilers, propulsions and other technical parts overhauled.

"The plan was to operate INS Viraat, whose keel was laid in 1944, for only 10 years after 1987. But fund crunches, protracted negotiation and consequent refit of Gorshkov and huge delays in launching the IAC project has meant INS Viraat has to be kept running,'' said a source.

INS Viraat has undergone a series of refits, with the last major life-extension one being in 2008-2009. With age, it has also lost most of its teeth. The Navy now has only 11 Sea Harrier jump-jets available to operate from its deck, with no replacement of the fighters possible.

The irony is that while INS Viraat has just a few fighters left, India is progressively inducting 45 MiG-29K fighters, ordered from Russia for over $2 billion, meant for INS Vikramaditya though the carrier itself is still awaited. In effect, India will have two effective CBGs only when INS Vikramaditya and IAC can operate together some time after 2018.

Quand l'Inde pourra se débarrasser de ses officiers, experts et politiciens corrompus ainsi que leurs relations étrangères dans les contrats militaires : ce sera une bonne nouvelle dans une perspective future et concrète ! 

[Mani]

Flag facilities on Vikramaditya :

Apparemment, il y a un léger mieux au niveau confort.

Navy hones combat skills with major exercise in Arabian Sea

Un exercice de sauvetage

NEW DELHI: The Navy has fine-tuned its operational strategy and honed its combat skills after a major exercise, which saw both the western and eastern fleets come together for intensive manoeuvres, in the Arabian Sea over the last 30 days.

Over 50 warships, including the new stealth frigates as well as nuclear-powered submarine INS Chakra, as well as 75 fighter jets, patrol aircraft and helicopters took part in the exercise called "Tropex'' (theatre-level readiness and operational exercise), which stretched across the entire western seaboard.

[xav]

Indian Navy aircraft carrier INS Vikramaditya is yet to be delivered

According to an Indian Navy statement, the aircraft carrier INS Vikramaditya is yet to be delivered to the Indian Navy. The ship was put to sea for trials from June to September 2012. During the sea trials over 108 days, the main propulsion plant could not complete the 'full power trials' due to defects encountered on 'boiler furnace brickwork' at higher speeds.

...

The aircraft carrier commissioning in the Indian Navy is now scheduled in the last quarter of 2013.

http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=922

[Philippe Top-Force]

Les suspicions et les affaires de corruptions en Inde continuent, http://www.corlobe.tk/article31997.html et font que Bombay annule sa commande de torpille lourde Black shark

[Henri K.]

Selon le Ministre de la defense indien Arackaparambil Kurien ANTONY, le porte-avions INS Vikramaditya sera livré à la marine indienne avant la fin d'année 2013 après 4 ans de retard et des coûts supplémentaires.

On estime le coût total de ces transformations à plus de 2,3 Md$, soit 1,7 Md$ de plus par rapport à ce qui est prévu dans le contrat initial. Suivant ce plan initial, le porte-avions aurait du être livré en 2008.

Henri K.

[Mani]

Les suspicions et les affaires de corruptions en Inde continuent, http://www.corlobe.tk/article31997.html et font que Bombay annule sa commande de torpille lourde Black shark

De plus, cela ne pas améliorer les relations diplomatiques avec l'Italie. L’Italie ne remettra pas à l’Inde ses marins accusés d’assassinat: http://french.ruvr.ru/2013_03_11/L-Italie-ne-rendra-pas-a-l-Inde-les-militaires-accuses-d-assassinat/

Pour les futurs contrats militaires, on doit éjecter :

- les Israéliens (corruption + espionnage)

- les Italiens maintenant

[Mani]

Cruise missile Nirbhay deviates from flight path, terminated midway

http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NEWS/newsrf.php?newsid=19952

BALASORE (ODISHA): India's first indigenously developed sub-sonic cruise missile Nirbhay on Tuesday failed to hit the target in its maiden test-firing as it had to be terminated midway after deviating from the flight course.

However, the DRDO said the missile "successfully" met the basic mission objectives and performed some of the manouveres satisfactorily before being terminated midway.

"Nirbhay was successfully launched today at 11.50am from launch complex, Chandipur, Odisha, meeting the basic mission objectives successfully.

"After travelling approximately midway, deviations were observed from its intended course. Further, flight was terminated to ensure coastal safety," DRDO spokesman Ravi Gupta said in a release.

The surface-to-surface sub-sonic cruise missile has the capability of being launched from land, sea and air, they said, adding Nirbhay has good loitering capability, good control and guidance, high degree of accuracy in terms of impact and very good stealth features.

Nirbhay was developed by Aeronautical Development Establishment (ADE), a Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) laboratory based in Bangalore in understood to have a strike-range of around 1,500 km.

India has the technology of super-sonic missile like BrahMos which is jointly developed by India and Russia.

Echec du missile de croisière !

[Henri K.]

Echec du missile de croisière !

Pourtant qualifié comme réussi par DRDO?

Y a-t-il un lien avec 3M14 ce MdC Nirbhay?

Henri K.

[Mani]

Pourtant qualifié comme réussi par DRDO?

Y a-t-il un lien avec 3M14 ce MdC Nirbhay?

Henri K.

DRDO says aborted Nirbhaya missile test "80 % successful".

Le missile Nirbhay à deux étages a été tiré depuis l'Etat de l'Orissa, dans l'est de l'Inde, mais le vol a été interrompu prématurément pour "assurer la sécurité côtière", a déclaré l'agence publique chargée du développement des technologies militaires (DRDO).

"Approximativement à mi-parcours, nous avons observé des déviations par rapport au trajet initial", a déclaré dans un communiqué un porte-parole de la DRDO, précisant toutefois que les objectifs de base de ce test avaient été atteints.

[S-37 Berkut]

Cette infographie présente les principales caractéristiques techniques du sous-marin K-152 Nerpa (Chakra).

[Sovngard]

Les sous-marins ne sont pas mon domaines de prédilection mais j'aimerais savoir pourquoi certains sous-marins ont des tubes de 650 ou 660 mm au lieu des conventionnels tubes lance-torpilles de 533 mm ?

[collectionneur]

Tir de missiles (les russes sont en général plus gros que les occidentaux) et de torpilles TRÈS lourdes.

Liste des torpilles russes ci dessous :

http://forummarine.forumactif.com/t1846-torpilles-russes-et-sovietiques

Notons que les Seawofs ont des tubes de 660 mm soit 30 pouces. Je pense que se sont les seuls sous marins occidentaux ayant un tel calibre.